This text explains Sushruta Samhita Sutrasthana Chapter 26 “Pranashta Shalya Vijnaniyamadhyaya” – Information of overseas our bodies.
Pranashta Shalya Vijnana
Information of overseas our bodies
We are going to expound the chapter by title Pranashta Shalya Vijnana- information of overseas our bodies misplaced (hid) contained in the physique; as revealed by the venerable Dhanvantari.
Learn – Lord Dhanwantari ‘The God of Ayurveda
Shalya nirukti
Etymology
The verbal roots “Sal” and “Sval” imply ‘transferring shortly’; from the primary root (sal) the time period (Shalya) is derived.
Notes:- Dalhana, the commentator states that in line with some authorities the basis “Sval” means “inflicting distress or ache’ and the time period “Shalya” is derived from it as that creates ache or hassle.
Shalya Bheda
Sorts of overseas our bodies
It (shalya) is of two sorts viz. Sarira – bodily (derived from the physique itself / inner) and Agantuka (coming from outdoors / exterior).
Shalya is that which produces hassle/ ache in all the physique. Because it (shalya) is described right here (on this part / science), this science is named “Shalya Sastra”(science of overseas our bodies).
Saririka Shalya (derived from the physique itself) are –
- the tooth, hairs, nails and many others.
- vitiated Dhatus (tissues),
- waste merchandise of meals and
- aggravated Dosas,
Agantu Shalya (derived from outdoors) are these components (substances and feelings) that are apart from these (shalyas) of the physique and which produce distress / ache.
Notes:- The time period Dhatu consists of even Upadhatus (secondary tissues) and Mala additionally consists of Dhatumala (waste merchandise of the tissues). Waste merchandise of meals are urine and faeces and waste merchandise of tissues are sweat, ear wax, excretions of the eyes, nostril and penis, pus, hairs, moustaches, eyelashes and many others.
Learn – Ashtanga Ayurveda – The Eight Branches of Ayurveda
Shalya Adhikara
Composition of overseas our bodies
Shalya are composed / comprised of metals, bamboo, wooden, grass, horns and bones of animals, particularly from iron itself. Because it (iron) is used mainly for slaughtering / to trigger hassle (damage) the phrase shalya is most frequently used solely to explain the devices or weapons made up of iron (or devices and weapons made up of iron alone are sometimes known as as shalya).
Even amongst these that are manufactured from iron, it’s sara (arrow) alone that’s meant right here, as a result of it’s tough to be pulled out, of getting small mouth (orifice of entry into the physique) and of being appropriate for throwing (hurling) from a distance.
It’s of two kinds-
- Karni- having an ear (ear like construction connected at its entrance) and
- Slakshana (easy rod like with none attachments)
Typically, these are within the form of leaves, flowers and fruits of various sorts of timber or the face (mouth) of untamed animals and birds.
Learn – Sushruta’s 8 Varieties Of Surgical Procedures – Astavidha Shastra Karma
Shalyagati
Route of motion of overseas our bodies
Route of actions of every kind of overseas our bodies (particularly the arrow), whether or not huge or minute, are solely 5, similar to;
- upward,
- downward,
- backward,
- sideward and
- straight
Notes:- In accordance with Dalhana upward means from beneath upward, downward means from above downwards, backwards means from again to entrance, sideward means obliquely and straight means from entrance to again.
Shalya Asraya
Dwelling of overseas our bodies
These (overseas our bodies, particularly the arrow) due to diminished power or due to obstruction, get lodged within the pores and skin and different medium of wounds (tissues that are the seats of wounds); or in arteries, channels, hole of bones, muscle tissues or different locations of the physique.
Learn – International Physique Elimination – Ashtanga Hrudaya Sutrasthana 28
Shalyaja Laksana
Signs produced by overseas our bodies
Subsequent, hear fastidiously, to the signs produced by the overseas our bodies that are being described now. These (signs) are of two sorts, viz Samanya (normal / frequent) and Vaisesika (particular).
Samanya (normal) – when the wound is related to the beneath talked about options it must be understood as having a overseas physique inside it. Right here, the wound –
- is blue (blackish blue)
- is studded with eruptions
- has swelling and ache
- exudes blood continuously
- is bulged up like a bubble
- the muscle tissues are comfortable
These are the frequent/ normal signs.
Vaisesika (particular) – particular signs are the next –
- When the shalya is lodged within the pores and skin there may be change within the color of the pores and skin and swelling is discovered broad and onerous.
- When the shalya is the muscle tissues, there may be enhance of swelling, look of recent progress within the path of the overseas physique, incapacity to tolerate urgent (tenderness), sucking ache and suppuration (formation of pus).
- When it’s inside muscle sheaths, the identical signs are discovered besides sucking ache and swelling.
- When it’s the veins, there may be distension of the vein, ache and swelling of the veins.
- When it’s the Snayu (ligaments) there may be shaking of the community of ligaments, profound swelling and ache.
- When lodged within the Dhamani (artery) vata will get aggravated and causes stream of frothy blood related to sound, and is related to ache all around the physique, thirst and nausea.
- When lodged within the bone, there may be manifestation of varied sorts of pains and swelling.
- When it’s lodged within the cavity of bones, it will trigger filling of the cavity of bones, pricking ache within the bones and robust / extreme type of restlessness or extreme rubbing or friction.
- When it’s lodged within the bony joints it will trigger signs just like the overseas physique lodged within the bones together with lack of features of these joints.
- When it’s lodged within the alimentary canal there may be gurgling noise, flatulence, (look of) stream of urine, faeces and meals particles from the orifice (opening) of the wound.
- When it’s within the important spots, signs of damage of that spot seem when actions (actions) are carried out.
- In case of minute overseas our bodies lodged within the physique, the identical signs shall be current however barely (not properly manifest).
Curable wounds with overseas our bodies in them
International our bodies both huge or small, when current in individuals whose physique is pure (un-vitiated by aggravations of dosas) and when it has stayed (or entered) within the instructions of the hair (from above downward) then it (the wound) will get healed, particularly these current within the passage of the throat, veins, pores and skin, muscle tissues and cavity of the bones. The overseas physique which will get dislodged from its place resulting from aggravation of the Doshas, train, damage and indigestion produce troubles within the physique once more.
Learn – Harm, Wound care Ayurvedic Treatments, Medicines
Shalyasthanaa Jnanodaya
- Figuring out the location of overseas physique
- When the overseas physique is misplaced / hid within the pores and skin, the physique must be anointed with oils and fomented. Then a paste of mud, flour of Masa, Yava, Godhuma or cow dung is (both together or collectively) is utilized and rubbed on the pores and skin. The positioning whereby swelling, redness and ache developed resulting from rubbing of those medicaments must be thought of as the location of lodgement of the overseas physique.
- Equally, when a lump of stable ghee or paste of mud or Candana (sandalwood) is utilized on the physique, the place the place the ghee melts and spreads of and the paste (of mud and sandalwood) dries up shortly by the warmth of the overseas physique (warmth produced in that website as a result of presence and lodgement of a overseas physique) is to be understood as the location of lodging.
- When the overseas physique is misplaced / hid within the muscle tissues, the affected person must be administered oleation, sudation and different therapies which aren’t dangerous or mutually contradictory. In emaciated people the place or website whereby the overseas physique which has grow to be loosened, non-sticking i.e., displaced from its website and will get agitated and provides rise to redness and swelling or ache must be thought of to be having the overseas physique (website of presence of overseas physique).
- When it’s lodged within the alimentary tract, bony joints, vacant areas within the muscle tissues and bone, the place must be decided by these (above) strategies solely.
- When the overseas physique has been hid (lodged) in sira (veins), dhamani (arteries), srotas (channels and passages) and snayu (ligaments), she or he must be made to sit down on a cart, the wheel of which is damaged and the cart be made to run on an irregular street. The place of the physique which develops swelling and ache must be thought of to be having a overseas physique hid inside it.
- When the overseas physique is misplaced / hid within the bone, the affected person must be given oleation (anointing) and fomentation (sudation) after which the bones must be tied with bandages tightly or squeezed onerous. The place the place redness, swelling or ache develops must be decided as the location of the overseas physique (place the place the overseas physique is hid).
- When the overseas physique is hid within the bony joints of the physique, the joints must be administered with oleation and sudation first. Then flexion, extension, bandaging and strain / urgent and many others must be carried out on these joints. The place wherein swelling and ache develops must be thought of to be having shalya i.e., overseas physique hid in it.
- When the overseas physique is hid within the important spots, since these are not different than (aside from) the tissues, the identical strategies described to this point have been adopted for dedication of the location of overseas our bodies.
Learn – Marma Shaareera: Definition, Composition: Very important Factors of The Physique
Widespread strategies to find out the location of the overseas physique
Widespread strategies of figuring out the location of the overseas physique are as defined beneath. The place the place swelling or ache develop through the beneath talked about actions must be understood as the location of the overseas physique (place of the physique the place the overseas physique is hid) –
- driving on an elephant or a horse
- climbing a hill or a tree
- bending a bow
- train
- strolling quick
- wrestling
- strolling lengthy distance
- lengthy leaping / excessive leaping
- swimming
- leaping excessive
- yawning
- belching
- coughing
- sneezing
- spitting
- laughing
- controlling respiratory
- eliminating of flatus, urine, faeces or semen
The place of the physique whereby pricking and different varieties of ache seems, and the place numbness / absence of sensation and feeling of heaviness are current, the place whereby discharges and pricking ache happens when rubbed or scratched, the place of the physique which the affected person himself protects excessively and continually, and the place of the physique which the affected person presses continually must be understood as the location of the overseas physique (whereby the overseas physique is hid).
Nisshalya Sthana
Place free from overseas physique
The doctor shall take into account (declare) anywhere freed from overseas physique (overseas physique has been eliminated or expelled) when the beneath talked about options are current –
- the place having gentle troubles,
- the place having no swelling, no ache, no issues,
- the place is clear (with out change of color) and comfortable throughout,
- the place is static (with none uncommon actions),
- the place just isn’t elevated,
- the place is searchable completely by probing in all sides by the passage of entry,
- not having any problem for extension and contraction (and different actions additionally)
Learn – Yantra Devices utilized in Ayurveda: Ashtanga Hrudayam Sutrasthana 25
Shalya gati
Destiny of overseas our bodies inside
- International our bodies which include bone get damaged inside the physique or break up into small items; these of horns of animals and iron get bent no doubt.
- These of wooden, bamboo and grasses, when not pulled out shortly, will trigger suppuration (pus formation) of blood and muscle tissues.
- These manufactured from gold, silver, copper, brass, tin and lead, when staying for lengthy within the physique, get dissolved (and absorbed) in the identical place by the warmth of pitta.
- These that are chilly and comfortable by nature and such different qualities get liquefied contained in the physique and grow to be one (fused) with the tissues.
- These overseas our bodies, similar to horn, tooth, hair, bone, bamboo, wooden, stone and dust don’t get destroyed contained in the physique.
- The doctor who understands the 2 sorts and 5 instructions (of entry of the overseas our bodies) and the signs these produce within the pores and skin and different seats of wounds, will solely be entitled to deal with the king.
Thus ends the Twenty-sixth chapter by Identify Prasanta Shalya Vijnaniya in Sutra Sthana of Susrutha Samhita.
